These communities are also more vulnerable as most of the climate related hazards that these communities are exposed to are not in any way under their control and are rather the results of natural processes in the environment. However, the effects of these threats are highly compounded due to poverty, informal settlement growth and structural vulnerabilities, which create higher exposure and a lack of the ability to respond. These problems are also been complicated by social issues besides the environmental issues. The control of such threats like cyclones, flooding, intrusion of the salinity, and water shortage is already strenuous, but these pressures are compounded by poor hygiene, overcrowding, food insecurity, high health risks, and persistence problems associated with crime and abuse. The combination of these overlapping factors creates a vicious cycle of vulnerability.
These trends are eminent in Bangladesh in several regions. Flooding, waterlogging, heat waves, and diseases that are sensitive to climate are frequent occurrences in Dhaka, with people of low income who live in overcrowded informal settlements being the most affected. Coxs Bazar faces danger especially through cyclones, storm surges, erosion of coastal areas and water shortage which largely impacts fishing villages and displaced refugee communities. The area of Satkhira is affected by salinity levels, tidal floods, cyclones, and water scarcity in the long-term, which endangers the lives of farmers and fishers. Poverty, overcrowding and high dependency on natural resources make people vulnerable in these places and climate change keeps aggravating the intensity and occurrence of hazards, which in turn enhances social and environmental vulnerabilities.