Climate Change Impact in My Local Community: Increased Flooding and Wetland Degradation
One of the most noticeable climate change–induced impacts affecting my local community in Kigali—especially around areas like Nyandungu and other wetland zones—is increased flooding caused by more intense rainfall events combined with the degradation of natural wetlands. Over the years, heavy rains have become more frequent and unpredictable, which aligns with broader climate change projections for East Africa.
Challenges for the Community
This issue presents several challenges:
Urban Flooding:Roads and residential areas flood easily, especially in low-lying neighborhoods. This disrupts transportation, damages property, and increases the cost of living for vulnerable families.
Pressure on Infrastructure:Drainage systems in some parts of Kigali were not designed for today’s extreme rainfall volumes. As a result, they overflow quickly, leading to erosion, blocked roads, and damage to public facilities.
Ecosystem Impacts:Wetlands that normally absorb excess water have been reduced by construction, agriculture, and unplanned urbanization. Their weakened capacity means less natural flood protection.
Health Issues:Stagnant water after flooding increases the risk of waterborne diseases such as cholera and typhoid, especially in densely populated areas.
Adaptation and Community Responses
My community and local authorities have taken several steps to address this challenge:
Wetland Restoration Projects:The Government of Rwanda has initiated large-scale wetland rehabilitation, with Nyandungu Eco-Park being one of the best examples. Restoring wetland vegetation helps absorb excess water and reduces flood risk.
Improved Urban Planning:New construction guidelines prohibit building in high-risk flood zones, and some informal settlements have been relocated for safety.
Drainage System Upgrades:The city has expanded and upgraded drainage channels to handle heavier rain events, reducing overflow in the most affected communities.
Community Awareness and Participation:Local residents increasingly participate in community clean-ups, ensuring drainage paths remain clear. Some households also adopt rainwater harvesting systems to reduce runoff.
Individual Adaptation:People are adjusting by reinforcing their houses, elevating foundations, and preparing earlier for the rainy season.
Conclusion
Overall, increased flooding linked to intense rainfall is one of the most significant climate change impacts in my community. While challenges remain—especially in informal settlements—ongoing wetland restoration and improved planning represent important steps toward climate resilience. This local experience shows how climate change is not only a global phenomenon but also a reality shaping our daily lives and requiring coordinated action.