Loss and Damage Across Recent COPs
Over the past five COPs, the issue of loss and damage has steadily gained prominence. COP25–26 concentrated on technical assistance through mechanisms such as the Warsaw International Mechanism and the Santiago Network, yet financial support remained minimal. COP27 marked a turning point with the historic decision to establish a Loss and Damage Fund, though critical questions around contributions and disbursement were left unresolved. COP28–29 saw pledges and broader climate finance discussions, but binding commitments and adequate funding for vulnerable nations continue to fall short.
Satisfaction (Rating: 2/5)
Recognition of loss and damage has advanced, but tangible implementation and financing remain far behind the urgent needs of climate-vulnerable countries. Without firm commitments from wealthier nations, both climate justice and the scale of support required remain unfulfilled.