How Policies Shape Climate Adaptations
The 2030 SDGs have served as a blueprint for creating a sustainable tomorrow. It is also a reminder that countries can no longer achieve economic progress without environmental conservation. Ever since the first global summit for combating climate change and preserving our future, several international conferences and treaties have been put forward. Presently countries have their own NDCs to limit GHG emissions below the Paris Agreement. Among countries in the global south, India has been championed as a forerunner of sustainable initiatives. This includes initiatives such as the International Solar Alliance, the Infrastructure for Resilient Island States (IRIS) initiative for developing the infrastructure of small island nations, and the Leadership Group for Industry Transition. While these are great policies with great potential, it is also important to highlight the fact that they are not legally binding. The policies do not have a timeframe of action and lack the necessary financial support.
In COP26, India agreed to become carbon neutral by 2070. However, this is far beyond the required timeframe. As India is a developing nation, transitioning towards a carbon-neutral economy involves huge resources and technical support. This would also mean that India will have to peak its carbon emissions by 2040 which is not yet possible given the current trend.
Taking India as an example, it is possible to conclude that while policies are definitely a foundation for tackling climate change, they are not sufficient alone. Often countries fail to ratify treaties and policies that are very crucial solely to protect their economic interests. This defeats the whole purpose of international collaboration. Developed countries hesitate to contribute towards sustainable solutions as they require more capital. Small island nations are mostly ignored from international collaborations due to lack of political power.
As a way forward, countries should set aside their economic interests and try to find a balance. Because the whole purpose of a sustainable future is to ensure that economic development, environmental conservation, and humanity go hand in hand together.